- To connect the paper's findings to a larger context, such as the wider conversation about an issue as it is presented in a course or in other published writing.
- To suggest the implications of your findings or the importance of the topic.
- To ask questions or suggest ideas for further research.
- To revisit your main idea or research question with new insight.
Should you summarize?
Consider what readers can keep track of in their heads. If your paper is long or complex, some summary of your key points will remind readers of the ground you've covered. If your paper is short, your readers may not need a summary. In any paper, you'll want to push beyond mere summary to suggest the implications or applications of your work.
How to Write the Conclusion
- Effective conclusions take the paper beyond summary and demonstrate a further appreciation of the paper's argument and its significance: why it works, why it is meaningful, and why it is valuable. To get started, you might ask yourself these questions:
- How do the ideas in your paper connect to what you have discussed in class, or to what scholars have written in their treatment of your topic?
- What new ideas have you added to the conversation? What ideas do you critique?
- Discussion on policy/theoretical implications.
- Discussion of the study's limitations which will lead to the recommendations for future research.
- It is important to end the conclusion chapter (in the case of dissertations and thesis) with a very short paragraph as a conclusion
- This section serves as the capsule for the overall conclusion of the study and should therefore be very concise and precise.
- An excellent strategy is to highlight what has been presented as the norm or standard point of view and how your work has proved otherwise or provided evidence in support of this view.
- This is often related to the research questions, thesis statement or title.
- It can also be a statement this emphatically states beyond doubt, how invaluable the research is to the research area in question.
- This paragraph should always have a positive connotation in the case of a positive question and a negative stance in the context of a critique.
Indicators of a Bad Conclusion
- Beginning with the phrase "in conclusion" or "in closing."
- Introducing a new idea or subtopic.
- Restating results.
- Making sentimental, emotional appeals.
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